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The American burger chain Hardee’s is frequently criticised for its ads featuring hyper-sexualized women. Using sex to sell burgers however is not the only way to go wrong when persuading people to buy things. All advertisers are persuaders, but it’s possible to go about persuasion in either morally legitimate or morally illegitimate ways. Here I want to argue that nearly all advertisements are immoral. Usually, when advertising is immoral, it is immoral in the way that lying is immoral. We say too simply that ‘lying is wrong’. We mean that it is wrong by default. There are exceptions, but you’ve got to make the case for them. An individual act of lying may be morally permissible, even mandatory: one must lie to the Nazi officer about the Jews hiding in the…

Fans of both Liverpool and Real Madrid have described their experiences at May’s Champions League final, as the inquiry into the chaotic scenes continued. Ted Morris of Liverpool Disabled Supporters Association told the French Senate that “the authorities should be ashamed” after fans were treated “like animals” and with “contempt.” Morris’ words followed UEFA’s Martin Kallen, who said: “We know there were around, 2,600 fake tickets…but we cannot verify the figures given in France of 30,000-40,000.” A report by the French government concluded that a “chain of failures” had caused the problems at the Stade de France, which saw fans tear-gassed by police while queuing for hours outside the ground. Liverpool have been collecting their own evidence from fans – inundated with 5,000 first-hand testimonies – with a resolution to the trouble seemingly a…

The great outdoors can be enjoyed in all seasons. However, it is important to be aware of the effects extreme temperatures have on the human body. Learning the danger signs and planning ahead allows everyone to stay safe during grand adventures. Before considering how to react in an extreme heat crisis, carefully plan ahead to prevent an emergency. Choose a location with shade and near water. Check the weather forecast. When soaring temperatures are possible, plan outdoor activities for early in the day or late evening. Wear light-colored, loose-fitting, lightweight clothing and a hat. Bring along plenty of water (preferably with electrolytes), protect your skin, go slower than usual, and take breaks. Plan on eating a salty snack once an hour. Also, let someone know where you are going and use…