The Week Junior -julkaisun 372 -irtonumeron sisällysluettelo

Some schools in England and Wales could close on certain days in February and March, after teachers voted to go on strike over how much they are paid. What happened? The National Education Union (NEU), the largest education trade union in the UK, asked its 450,000 members to vote on whether to strike by not going to work. Trade unions are organisations made up of workers who unite to fight for better pay and working conditions. More than 90% of NEU’s members who voted did so in favour of the strike. Why are teachers striking? Teachers want more money to do their jobs. Inflation (the rise in the cost of goods over time) has pushed up prices by more than 10% in the last year. As a result many people,…

NIGEL THE ENDANGERED MONKEY At Drusillas Zoo Park, in England, a cottontop tamarin monkey has been named Nigel. The monkey species is critically endangered. After reading about baby names that were also becoming rare, zookeeper Gemma Romanis decided to name the monkey Nigel. RESCUING A SAILOR LOST AT SEA After 24 days lost at sea, Elvis Francois from Dominica was rescued by the Colombian navy. He was repairing his boat in December when it was swept out to sea. Francois wrote “help” on the boat’s side, drank rainwater collected with a cloth and ate ketchup and stock cubes. A medical check-up found he was in good health. PLANTING BLOSSOM TREES The National Trust, a charity that looks after nature and historic buildings for the public, has given away more than…

Pieces of a medieval ship are ready to be reassembled after 20 years. Now that the wood has been dried out and restored, archaeologists (experts who study ancient objects to help us understand history) will fit the 2,500 pieces back together like a giant jigsaw. Known as “the Newport Ship”, it was found in mud on the banks of the River Usk, Wales, in 2002. It’s thought to be about 550 years old, is 30 metres long and weighs 400 tonnes.…

At the age of 28, Akeim Mundell has become one of the youngest assistant headteachers in the UK. Today, he teaches at William Hulme’s Grammar School in Manchester, England. Mundell had a difficult start at school and left at the age of 16. So it came as a surprise when his former teacher, Jenny McGarry, suggested he try teaching. Mundell realised he was able to use his own school experience to connect with pupils from a background like his own. “My aim will always be to go above and beyond to support, educate and uplift younger people,” he says.…

These strange creatures look like jellyfish but they are actually a kind of species called a colonial hydroid. This means they are made up of a colony of tiny individual animals. By-the-wind-sailors consist of a blue oval disc, known as a float, about 10 centimetres long. A thin, semicircular fin – or sail – sticks up diagonally across its float and short tentacles hang under it. The sail allows it to catch the wind and travel around the world on ocean currents, while using its stinging tentacles to prey on small sea creatures. How their sails are positioned differs and determines which direction the by-the-wind-sailors will travel. During winter storms hundreds of them can wash up on shores in the UK.…

Indian rhinos For the first time in 47 years, no Indian rhinos were killed by poachers last year at Kaziranga National Park in Assam, India. In the past, they’ve been killed for their horns, which are worth a lot of money. However, a new anti-poaching team has helped to protect this endangered species. Vervet monkeys The government of Sint Maarten, a territory in the Caribbean controlled by the Netherlands, has decided to cull (deliberately kill) its population of vervet monkeys. The species is not originally from the island. They were introduced in the 17th century and destroy many farmers’ crops.…

On 27 January it is Holocaust Memorial Day. This is a time for people to come together to remember the six million Jewish people who were killed in the Holocaust. It is also when we think of people who died as a result of genocide in countries such as Bosnia, Cambodia, Rwanda and Sudan. Genocide is when a particular group of people are targeted to be destroyed – because of their culture, race or religion. What was the Holocaust? The Holocaust means the death of many people. It is often used to describe the time during the Second World War (1939-1945) when the German Nazi Party, an extreme political group led by Adolf Hitler, persecuted Jewish people. To persecute someone means to treat them unfairly and cruelly. Many people were…

Car manufacturer Hyundai has revealed a new kind of technology called e-Corner, which means a car can move sideways like a crab. It was demonstrated on Hyundai’s Ioniq 5 car for the first time at the Consumer Electronics Show in the US. All four of the car’s wheels can turn by as much as 90 degrees. This means it can move sideways and diagonally. Hyundai says this will make cars easier to park and allow then to change direction faster. Cars with e-Corner technology could be on sale by 2025. Enjoy these stories? Find more in this month’s The Week Junior Science+Nature magazine sciencenature.theweekjunior.co.uk…

Erling Haaland He scored a hat-trick (three goals) in Manchester City’s 3-0 Premier League win against Wolves. Haaland has scored 25 goals in 19 league games. Manchester Mystics At basketball’s National Cup Finals, Manchester Mystics won the under-16 girls’ trophy, beating Ipswich 93-66. Jay Vine The Australian cyclist won the six-day Tour Down Under event in Australia. Great Britain’s Simon Yates was the runner-up. Gloucester-Hartpury In the women’s Premier 15s rugby union, Gloucester-Hartpury defeated Harlequins 33-22. It’s their eighth win in a row and they top the league.…

Puss in Boots, the famous swashbuckling feline hero from the same fairy-tale universe as Shrek, is returning to the big screen this year for his next adventure. Cats are said to have nine lives, but Puss has unknowingly used up eight of his during his daring exploits. He decides it’s time to stop adventuring, so he heads to Mama Luna’s Home for Retired Cats. Of course, it’s not long before adventure finds him – he learns of the legendary Wishing Star and decides to use it to get his nine lives back. To journey to the Dark Forest, where they will find the star, Puss has to ask his rival, Kitty Softpaws, for help. The two are joined by a chatty dog called Perrito. However, they aren’t the only ones…

Libby and the Highland Heist by Jo Clarke. Illustrated by Becka Moor (Firefly Press) After an eventful term in Paris solving a mystery, Libby is looking forward to a peaceful stay at her friend Connie’s family home. She’s soon swept up in an adventure in the Scottish Highlands. This entertaining read is the second in the Travelling School Mysteries series. Like a Curs by Elle McNicoll (Knights Of) In the eagerly awaited follow-up to the wonderful, magical adventure Like a Charm, we find heroine Ramya stuck at Loch Ness. She’s supposedly learning magic but that isn’t going so well. Meanwhile, a terrifying Siren has taken control of Edinburgh. Can Ramya use her powers and save her Hidden Folk friends in the city before it is too late? Where Monsters Lie…

Name: Sean We Have No Idea by Jorge Cham “Funny, factual, fascinating. A book that explains the great unsolved mysteries of physics – from dark matter to gravity – and it will make you laugh.” YOUR TURN Email your book review to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk. If your review is printed in the magazine you’ll receive a Roving Reporter badge. Tell us what you liked about the book and why you’d recommend it to others, and don’t forget to include your name and address.* *If you are the competition winner, we will only use the details you provide to contact you and arrange delivery of your competition prize. Further details about how we manage the data you provide can be found at www.futureplc.com/privacy-policy…

Hello, my name’s Olaf Falafel. I’m a children’s author, illustrator, dad and also a stand-up comedian. During the Covid-19 lockdowns I created an online Art Club. Each episode was filled with drawing tips, funny animations and information about different artists. The artist I’m going to be focusing on this week is called Paul Klee (“Klee” rhymes with “day”). Klee was a Swiss-German artist who loved to experiment with different methods of making images. He also taught at the famous Bauhaus art school in Germany where he was the only teacher who refused to give his pupils grades. Klee said that “drawing is simply taking a line for a walk,” and would sometimes draw using one continuous line. For February, I’m setting you a 28-day art challenge: draw a single-line self-portrait…

As we all know, The Week Junior readers are the cleverest, kindest, most talented people in the world. The trouble is, we just haven’t got the space to show off all the brilliant photos, comments and ideas that you send us. That’s why I am thrilled to declare the readers’ takeover of Pictures of the Week (page 16–17) well and truly open! Around the end of every month, we’re going to be publishing some of the fantastic photos that you send us. We already feature brilliant pictures of readers on the opposite page, but Pictures of the Week is for the images you take of lovely views, funny animals, beautiful buildings or wonderful nature. We can’t wait to see what you send us to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk (please provide your name, age…

Challenge yourself The Youth Adventure Trust helps vulnerable young people, and it’s calling on you to take part in its virtual Resilience Challenge on 11–26 February. Run, ride, cycle or select your own unique outdoor activity. To get involved, an adult needs to sign up on your behalf. Then choose your distance – 25, 65,100 or 200 kilometres. Once you’ve completed the challenge and raised £25, you’ll receive a medal. There will also be prizes for those of you who push boundaries and capture the best photos in a range of categories. Find out more and register to take part at bit.ly/YATresilience GET INVOLVED Email your news, views and pictures to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk…

Teacher’s name: Miss Jamieson School: Robert Gordon’s College, Aberdeen, Scotland “Miss Jamieson is very helpful with our times tables and she is a really kind teacher. She makes learning fun and our classroom is a happy place. Thank you, Miss Jamieson.” Emily and Penelope If we pick your teacher as Teacher of the Week, we’ll send your school three free issues of The Week Junior. Send your nominations, along with a picture of your teacher and your school’s full name and address, to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk…

If you’ve enjoyed this issue, why not listen to our podcast, The Week Junior Show? Go to tinyurl.com/TWJ-show or scan the QR code above. We’d also like you to take part. Give us your views on the Big Debate in this issue or tell us which was your favourite story and why. Send us a voice message by asking a parent to go to tinyurl.com/TWJ-show, scroll down and click on the red button. Please include your full name and address so that we can send you a Roving Reporter badge if your contribution makes it onto the page. We will only use the details you provide to arrange delivery of badges, and we will not share them with anyone else. By submitting your reports and pictures, you give consent to…

Easter is still more than two months away but supermarkets have wasted no time putting chocolate eggs on the shelves. Easter Sunday falls on 9 April this year but some people have taken pictures of Easter eggs on sale as early as December, just after Christmas. Some supermarkets are already stocking Easter eggs and Easter-inspired chocolate treats. Many people are surprised that such items would be on sale so far before Easter, especially as other occasions such as Valentine’s Day come sooner in the year. However, the supermarkets defended their decision by saying that many people wanted to buy in advance, or even give themselves an early chocolatey treat. What do you think? Should Easter eggs be on sale in January? Yes – customers have a right to choose From…

“Biodiversity loss” describes species dying out. The charity Flora and Fauna International (FFI) says people don’t talk about it enough. FFI gives tips on talking raise awareness. Start by asking older family members which animal they used to see a lot but don’t see so much any more. FFI says people should “think global, act local” and the charity also explains how small actions we can all do, like picking up litter or helping plant native trees, can help.…

The charity Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust is looking for volunteers to track the movements of pine martens using cameras and poo surveys. Pine martens are one of Britain’s rarest mammals but 51 of them were released in the Forest of Dean and Wye Valley in 2019. Eightyears Woodlandareasmostlyin the north of the UK, or Europe. About4654 centimetres long, with a tail that is between 18 and 27 centimetres long. Berriesbirdseggs, fungi, insects and rodents. Whenitisfresh pine marten poo can have a sweet smell a bit like damp straw.…

Books Anne Frank was a Jewish girl who kept a diary as she hid from the Nazis during the war. She died in a concentration camp in 1945. When her father discovered her diary, he decided to share her story. More recent books based on the experiences of Jewish people include Hitler’s Canary by Sandi Toksvig and Fritz and Kurt by Jeremy Dronfield. Animation The Number on Great-Grandpa’s Arm is a 19-minute film of a conversation between 10-year-old Elliott and his 90-year-old grandfather, Jack, who is a Holocaust survivor. The film combines their conversation with animation. Film The Windermere Children tells the true story of 300 Jewish children who escaped from their countries and started new lives in the Lake District in England in 1945. Over time, they begin to…

YOUR PHOTOS YOUR PHOTOS Email photos you have taken to hello@theweekjunior.co.uk. If your photo is printed in the magazine you’ll receive a Roving Reporter badge. Photos could be of buildings, pets, nature or anything you find interesting.…

In real life there are accepted rules that everybody follows. For example, you shouldn’t eat with your mouth open; in the UK people drive on the left; and the only place to join a queue is at the back. Online, the rules aren’t as clear and it can be hard to know how to behave. Safer Internet Day (7 February) helps people think about these issues. This year, young people are being asked to share online experiences and the changes you would like to see. What is being safe online? You probably know the basics of being safe online: don’t give personal details to somebody you don’t know, and check trusted sites to spot a fake story. Gwen Taylor is from the charity Glitch, which works to end online abuse.…

True Spirit Out on Netflix from 3 February An Australian teenager seeks to become the youngest person to sail alone around the world, facing the world’s most dangerous seas. This story is based on the real adventures of 16-year-old Jessica Watson and it is an exciting tale of bravery and absolute determination. Black Panther: Wakanda Forever Out on Disney+ from 1 February In the sequel to the first, hugely successful, Black Panther film, Queen Ramonda and her team of superheroes defend their kingdom from evil powers following the death of King T’Challa. This next chapter introduces Namor, who is the king of a hidden, underwater nation. Arctic from Above Sky Nature, 29 January This wildlife documentary follows scientist Liz Bonnin as she travels through the Arctic wilderness, learning more about…

by Eve Wersocki Morris (Hachette Children’s) Aspiring writer Kallie is thrilled to have won a place at the Wildstorm Theatre Camp. She dreams of becoming a playwright and is determined that her dyslexia won’t stand in her way. When she arrives at the summer camp it isn’t quite what she expected – and soon peculiar and frightening things are happening. Kallie begins to suspect they are connected to the play they are performing, written 400 years ago by a local woman who was thought to be a witch. Meanwhile, in the woods around the camp, something ancient and evil is stirring. Kallie and her friends are soon entangled in a sinister adventure. Dark and mysterious, this magical story is full of chilling moments. Fans of suspense will love the twists…

How many ball sports can you name? Most people will say football or volleyball but how about Kin-Ball? This exciting sport is played by around four million people in more than 30 countries and it’s becoming popular in schools in the UK. Kin-Ball is easy to learn, the games are quick and you don’t need a lot of kit. The first thing you’ll notice about the sport is the size of the ball. The special soft ball is 1.2 metres wide, so it’s much larger than other balls used in sport. There’s another big difference too: instead of two teams playing against each other, in Kin-Ball three teams can compete at the same time. The aim of the game is for a team to hit the giant soft ball in…

Crossword Read the clues carefully and write the answers into the grid. Across 1 Neatly arranged (4) 3 Communicates via the internet (6) 8 Summer shoes (7) 9 Saucepan cover (3) 10 Soft and fluffy material in a first-aid box (6,4) 13 Cutlery item used as a measure in recipes (10) 17 Lower limb of the human body (3) 18 Prickly Scottish plant (7) 19 Country next to Norway (6) 20 Common heavy metal (4) Down 1 Elephant’s giant tooth (4) 2 Australian wild dog (5) 4 Married woman’s title (3) 5 House made of ice (5) 6 Bicycle seat (6) 7 Medieval fortress (6) 11 Cloth serviette (6) 12 Elevated walking poles used by clowns (6) 14 Military horn (5) 15 Riverbank mammal (5) 16 Baked, broad or runner,…

Vincent Wildlife Trust (VWT) VWT is on a mission to raise awareness of pine martens (our Animal of the Week, page 11). Pine marten experts Lizzie Croose and Dr Stephanie Johnstone held a talk with this nature charity delving into the history of pine martens, plus conservation work needed to protect them. The family-friendly talk is available on VWT’s website, YouTube and Facebook, and is a great way to find out more about these beautiful but shy creatures. Visit tinyurl.com/TWJ-pinemartens…

On 25 January, Jacinda Ardern stepped down as the prime minister of New Zealand. She announced her plan to give up the job on 19 January. Ardern became prime minister in 2017 as the leader of the New Zealand Labour Party. At the time she was 37 years old and the world’s youngest female head of government. She led New Zealand through some difficult challenges, including the eruption of the White Island volcano in 2019 and the Covid-19 pandemic. Ardern’s government responded quickly to the pandemic to reduce the number of Covid-19 infections as much as possible, but some people didn’t like these regulations and Ardern became less popular with the public. In her speech announcing her plan to resign, Ardern said, “I know what this job takes. And I…

The Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak, has ordered an investigation into Conservative Party chairman Nadhim Zahawi, after it was found that he had not paid enough tax (money that people pay out of their wages to fund public services like the NHS). Another investigation has been ordered into BBC chairman Richard Sharp and his relationship with the former Prime Minister Boris Johnson. What did Zahawi do? Zahawi was Chancellor (the minister in charge of the country’s money) from July to September last year. During that time, HMRC (the UK organisation in charge of tax) ordered him to pay a penalty (money for breaking a rule) because he hadn’t paid all the tax that he owed. Zahawi reportedly paid the penalty as well as the tax he owed to HMRC. The Guardian…

When Madison Checketts was walking along her favourite beach in California, US, something bugged her: the discarded water bottles. “The beach is one of my favourite places to go, and seeing it all trashed up with plastic water bottles, I just felt like this needed to change,” she told Smithsonian magazine. Americans throw away 60 million plastic bottles every day, many of which end up in rubbish dumps or the sea. It was time to take action. Once home, Madison started work on her eco-friendly water bottle. She named it the Eco-Hero. Instead of throwing the bottle away after you drink from it, you can eat it. Madison learned about a chemical called calcium lactate, which once it has been processed can turn from a squidgy gel into a hard,…

The charity Flora and Fauna International (FFI) has announced its “top 10 list of animals to watch in 2023”. FFI’s mission is to protect endangered species and the places where they live. In the islands of the Caribbean, FFI is working to save a spectacular tarantula (a large hairy spider) called the Caribbean diamond, by protecting its native forest on Union Island. On a tiny island nearby, there are as few as 20 Saint Lucia racer snakes left. FFI is building a sanctuary on the bigger island of Saint Lucia, where it will set up a breeding programme to introduce more baby snakes. Three African species are on the list, including the okapi, a rare cousin of the giraffe. They live in the eastern forests of the Democratic Republic of…

Around the world, animals and humans have adapted their own ways to keep themselves cool in the heat. New research has revealed that one species in Australia, the echidna (also called the spiny anteater), uses unusual methods to cope with the heat: belly flops and snot bubbles. Echidnas aren’t as good at dealing with the heat as other animals, particularly because they’re covered in spines that act like a blanket and trap the warmth. Unlike other animals, they don’t sweat, lick themselves or pant to cool down, so scientists wanted to know how echidnas were coping with Australia’s hot weather. The team used infrared cameras, a special type of camera that shows how hot or cold the surface of an object is, using different colours. The research showed that the…

You may think a large orange tiger would be easy to spot in a green jungle but they are very well hidden. This is because of their clever vertical stripes, which are described as “disruptive coloration”. The stripes break up the cat’s shape and size, helping it to blend into the trees and tall grasses of their habitat. Sumatran tigers live in dense jungle, so they have even narrower stripes. A tiger’s stripes are as unique as a fingerprint. Enjoy unlimited visits to ZSL London and Whipsnade Zoos, plus a host of other benefits with ZSL Membership. Find out more at zsl.org/membership/zsl-membership…

Why is chocolate so yummy? Scientists at Leeds University think they have the answer and it’s not all to do with how it tastes. The secret, they argue, lies in how chocolate feels so smooth on the tongue and the teeth, the roof of the mouth and the lips. For their research, the scientists used dark chocolate containing varying amounts of cocoa. The more cocoa there was, the darker and less sweet the chocolate. The team tested it on an artificial tongue because they were interested in what happens when chocolate touches the tongue, rather than how it tastes. This is an area of science called tribology. It studies how surfaces interact with each other. The scientists discovered that fat was key to the taste. When the chocolate first comes…

Cycling along muddy tracks, up and down hills and through twists and turns may not be everyone’s idea of a fun bike ride, but for cyclo-cross riders and fans it is the best. Cyclo-cross (sometimes called CX) is one of the toughest events in cycling. Riders race laps around an off-road circuit, such as around a field. Riders have to be super fit and super skilled at riding and handling a bike. They may have to cycle through mud or snow, over obstacles or steps, so they have to decide when it’s best to get off their bike and run while pushing it or carrying their bike on their shoulder. Cyclo-cross events are held in the autumn and winter, when the conditions can make it even more challenging. On 14–15…

The Mandalorian trailer arrives Fans of Star Wars were thrilled when, on 16 January, a new trailer for the third series of The Mandalorian was revealed on TV, at half-time during an American football game. The popular series (which is a bit scary for younger viewers) is set five years after Star Wars: Return of the Jedi, the last film in the original three that starred Princess Leia, Han Solo and Luke Skywalker. The Empire has fallen and Din Djarin, from the planet Mandalore, is travelling through the galaxy, joined by Grogu, a baby creature with psychic powers, whom Din Djarin feels he must protect. Two years after the last series, new episodes of The Mandalorian start streaming on Disney+ on 1 March. You can see the trailer at tinyurl.com/TWJ-mandalorian…

When people first used computers to play games at home, some of the most popular games were text adventures. They were a bit like playing books: you’d read a text description of the game world, and type in what you wanted to do next with commands such as “go north”, “pick up sword” and “fight troll”. Colossal Cave Adventure was one of the most famous text adventures, first released in 1976. Now the game is back, but this time it’s been brought life in a 3D world that players can see, rather than just read about. Some things haven’t changed: the game is still about exploring underground caves, solving puzzles and finding treasure. On your quest, you open the door of a wooden cabin which leads to a network of…

Describe your book in three words. Theatre. Curse. Monster. What inspired you to write a book with a main character who has dyslexia? I am dyslexic and wanted to show that even if you’re bad at spelling you can still be a great hero. Shy and nervous, Kallie dreams of being a playwright and her power for storytelling will ultimately save the day. Have you ever been in a play? Yes! I loved acting when I was at school. I’ve played a witch, a princess, a silent movie star, King Arthur, a cat and Mary in the Christmas nativity. What was the first story you ever wrote? I wrote an adventure about a witch and her family when I was seven years old. I’ve always secretly wished I had magical…

How can I play? If you haven’t tried Kin-Ball at school, ask your teacher if you can give it a try. Your school can get in touch with Kin-Ball UK (kinball.co.uk) to ask about getting the special big ball and some basic training in the sport. It’s best to play indoors but it can be played outside as well, in good weather. Can I watch Kin-Ball? To get a taste of the game and watch Kin-Ball in action, go to the YouTube site of the sport’s official ball makers, Omnikin, and check out some of the video clips there. This one shows teams of young people playing the sport: tinyurl.com/TWJ-KIN-BALL…

A chihuahua called Spike has officially been recognised as the world’s oldest dog. Spike is 23 years old and lives on a farm with the Kimball family in the US state of Ohio. Spike became a part of the family at the age of 10, after the Kimballs found him abandoned in the car park of a supermarket. Now that he holds a world record, the elderly pooch has become a bit of a celebrity in his local area. This sudden fame won’t change Spike, though, who still enjoys his favourite supper of sausages every night.…

Name: Naomi “I was inspired to write this poem after listening to some songs about diversity and visiting a mosque and a cathedral. I wanted to show how the world we live in today could become better, more diverse and more inclusive. I hope that people reading this are inspired to try and make this world better by making just a few simple changes.” What have you been up to lately? Which books have you enjoyed reading? What have you made? Have you written a poem or drawn a picture that you’d like to see published on this page? Whatever you have to show or tell us, get in touch at hello@theweekjunior.co.uk JOKE OF THE WEEK “What happens to an amphibian’s car when it breaks down? It gets toad away!” Isla…

“I really enjoyed watching The Nutcracker and I especially liked reading about the plot beforehand in The Week Junior.” Rebecca “This is me looking at some paintings by David Hockney at Salts Mill in Yorkshire.” Robin “I was thrilled to see the Sun Pendant that was in The Week Junior a few weeks ago at The Collection in Lincoln.”…

Follow The Week Junior on PopJam @TheWeekJunior. You can download the PopJam app from the App Store or Google Play. Last week we asked you if everyone should study maths until 18… “Maths isn’t for everyone. Only people who are going to need it in their careers should study maths until 18.” “Yes, maths will be helpful all your life, even if you only do simple maths day-to-day.” “No, maths isn’t for everybody but it’s a key skill to learn.” Tell us what you think of this week’s issue and we’ll print some of the best comments here.…

1 What is the name of the UK’s largest teaching union? □ a) The NEU □ b) The NUE □ c) The UNE 2 True or false? The Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak, was fined for speeding in his car. □ True □ False 3 In which country is the new Super Nintendo World set to open? 4 How many chocolate eggs are sold in Britain each year? □ a) 800,000 □ b) Eight million □ c) 80 million 5 True or false? Madison Checketts invented an edible water bottle. □ True □ False 6 Where are okapis found in the wild? 7 What is the date for Holocaust Memorial Day? 8 True or false? Ancient Egyptians invented toothpaste. □ True □ False 9 What are scientists suggesting people should use…